![]() Several approaches that have been used for scaling out XW management technologies are documented in this chapter. The SDSR package was promoted jointly with a set of complementary practices: (i) avoiding infections by browsing animals, (ii) using clean planting materials, (iii) bending leaves at the petiole level when intercropping in infected fields, (iv) training on disease recognition and epidemiology, and (v) demand-specific extension and knowledge sharing. ![]() The SDSR package comprises three innovations: (1) regularly cutting symptomatic stems at ground level, (2) sterilizing cutting tools with fire, and (3) early male bud removal using a forked stick. This led to the idea of removing only the visibly infected banana plants, referred to as single diseased stem removal (SDSR). As a result, not all shoots on an infected plant show symptoms. However, field experiments showed that Xvm did not spread systemically in a mat and that latent infections occurred. CMU assumed that infection on a single plant would systemically spread to all plants in a mat. There was little adoption of CMU, especially by women farmers, because it was labor-intensive and it sacrificed banana production for up to 2 years. At the start of the XW epidemic, complete uprooting of diseased mats (CMU) was recommended. ![]() musacearum (Xvm) is an important emerging and non-curable infectious disease which can cause up to 100% yield loss. Xanthomonas wilt (XW) of banana caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. The Scaling Readiness approach is helping to ensure that more farmers, processors, and consumers benefit from OFSP. Business models suggest that processing puree is profitable. The OFSP seed is available to smallholder farmers, who are linked with processors who buy the roots. Food safety protocols ensure that the puree is part of safe, healthy products. Consumers like the bread that is sold in supermarkets and bakeries. Private companies in Malawi and Kenya are now manufacturing the puree and selling it to bakeries that substitute OFSP puree for up to 40% of the white wheat flour in bread and other baked goods. Techniques fine-tuned by RTB allow OFSP puree to be stored in plastic bags for 6 months, without refrigeration. The technology to make sweetpotato puree has been well developed in industrialized countries since the 1960s. Singlebox gives you the ability to customize everything, including icons and colors, notification scheduling, ads & tracker blocking, dark theme and much much more.Replacing some of the wheat flour in breads and pastries with OFSP (orange-fleshed sweetpotato) puree can increase the market demand for these nutritious varieties and would offer economic opportunities for smallholders, including women and youths. Even better, by default, Singlebox runs each of your services/accounts/workspaces in sandbox environment, protecting you from cross-site trackers. Singlebox lets you lock & protect your accounts from sneaky eyes with password or Touch ID. Your workflow is cleaner than ever, finding what you need is easy.Īdditionally, Singlebox can be set as your default email client or calendar app and works with many popular email and calendar services such as Gmail, Google Calendar, Outlook, FastMail and more. Lost in tabs? Singlebox works like a smart web browser that lets you run and organize multiple web apps in a single place and switch between them easily using keyboard shortcuts. Not limiting itself to messaging, Singlebox also supports thousands of web services, including GitHub, LinkedIn, Asana, Trello, Udemy, and many more. You could even use five different Messenger or Slack accounts at once, if some inexplicable reason urges you to do so. This makes Singlebox the perfect tool to manage multiple business and private accounts all at the same time. Singlebox allows you to add each service many times. Singlebox supports a great variety of business and private messaging & chat services like Discord, Slack, WhatsApp, WeChat, Messenger, Telegram, Google Hangouts, Skype, Zendesk and many more. Singlebox for Linux is an all-in-one messaging & emailing app - a single place for all your web services & accounts, including Discord, WhatsApp, Messenger, Slack, Telegram and many many more.
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